Laughter is commonly associated with happiness, joy, and overall well-being, often serving as a natural expression of positive emotion that strengthens social connections and reduces stress. However, ...

Involuntary crying or laughing are symptoms of a condition known as involuntary emotional expression disorder (IEED). This disorder is common among patients with stroke and other neurological ...

Uncontrolled laughing or crying can be more than just a surprising emotional reaction, it may signal a neurological condition called pseudobulbar affect (PBA). PBA causes sudden, involuntary emotional ...

Two sets of published diagnostic criteria are available to help differentiate PBA from depression. The first set of diagnostic criteria was developed by Poeck in 1969. 3 These 4 criteria include: ...