Current approaches to diagnosing testosterone deficiency do not consider the physiological consequences of various testosterone levels or whether deficiencies of testosterone, estradiol, or both ...

Intestinal infections can change the composition of liver bile, leading to changes in immune function and gut bacteria, ...

Plastoglobuli have been isolated and purified from chloroplasts of beech and spinach leaves and from broom flower chromoplasts by a repeated floating-gradient technique. The main components in ...

Varying immune response to vaccinations could be countered with microbiota-targeted interventions helping infants, older people and others to take full advantage of the benefits of effective vaccines, ...

Climate change is expected to directly alter the composition of communities and the functioning of ecosystems across the globe. Improving our understanding of links between biodiversity and ecosystem ...

The use of antibiotics has long been linked to deprivation of gut bacteria. Now, a new study shows that the composition and function of gut bacteria can recover after antibiotic treatment in healthy ...

Share on Pinterest What is the link between gut dysbiosis and Parkinson’s disease? Design by MNT; Photography by Maskot/Getty Images & STEVE GSCHMEISSNER/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/Getty Images. A recent ...