Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer was originally created as a promotion for Montgomery Ward. He first appeared in a 1939 book and later in this 8-minute 1948 film, which predates the stop motion version by 16 years. As far as we know, the Library has the only complete version of the original 1948 release. The full film: http://go.loc.gov/iUG950MboMP | The Library of Congress

The Sámi people of the Arctic have a timeless bond with reindeer. Not just as a source of food or clothing, but as the heart of their identity. For centuries, reindeer herding has shaped their rhythm of life, traditions, and worldview. The reindeer give them meat, hides, antlers and valuable materials for tools and clothes; they also guide seasonal migrations and connect them deeply with the land. But above all, it’s a relation built on respect and symbiosis: the Sámi take care of the reindeer,